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School Psychology International
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Educational Experiences of Children in Foster Care

Meta-Analyses of Special Education, Retention and Discipline Rates

Tracey G. Scherr

Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, Whitewater, WI, USA, scherrt{at}uww.edu

The educational achievements of children in foster care have been determined to be below average in individual studies. In the present investigation, 31 studies were examined via four meta-analyses to answer questions regarding the educational status of children in out-of-home placements in multiple countries. Data analysis encompassed the following variables: special education eligibility rates, grade retention rates and disciplinary rates. Exploratory meta-analyses uncovered conclusive results in this project, illuminating common educational challenges faced by children living in foster care across countries. Students living in out-of-home care are disproportionately represented in special education. They are prevented from moving to advanced grade levels at alarming rates. In addition, these students are disciplined frequently in the school setting. Implications for serving fostered youth include promoting pre-referral interventions and positive behavioural supports.

Key Words: discipline • expulsion • foster care • grade retention • meta-analysis • out-of-home care • special education • suspension

School Psychology International, Vol. 28, No. 4, 419-436 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0143034307084133
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